Classical Mechanics: Synopsis                            PLR MT 2006

 

Broadly the MT lectures will concentrate on motion in one spatial dimension. The lectures in HT will extend the treatment to motion in two and three dimensions (including motion under an inverse square law) and will cover angular motion (including moments of inertia of rigid bodies).

The lecture topics are listed roughly in the order in which they will be covered.

MT 8 lectures

 

1.     Introduction. Classical Mechanics in physics: scope and limitations. Newton's laws of motion. Inertial and gravitational mass.

2.     Newton's laws as ordinary differential equations. Importance of initial or boundary conditions. Conservation of energy and momentum.

3.     1-D elastic collisions & inelastic collisions.

4.     Galilean Transformations: the centre of mass (CM) and ėlaboratoryķ frames of reference.

5.     Potential energy. Work. Forces derivable from a potential. The total energy as a constant of the motion. Conservative forces. SHM around a point of stable equilibrium.

6.     Inertial & non-inertial frames, 'fictitious' forces. The lift as an example of an accelerating frame and qualitative discussion of rotating frames of reference.

7.     Non-conservative forces. Resisted motion, limiting velocity and other features. Simple projectile motion in 2D

8.     Variable mass (rockets and other examples).

 

 

Two sets of problems on the above topics are provided for use in college classes and tutorials. In addition there is a preliminary set of problems based on A/L work.

 

HT 9+2 lectures

1.     Revision on required properties of time dependent vectors. Vector formulation of Newton's laws. Rectangular coordinate system. Method of dimensions.

2.     More on projectile motion under gravity. Other examples of motion in more than one dimension ń charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.

3.     Conservation laws again. Motion of an interacting group of particles. Separation of motion into that of centre of mass and relative motion. Importance of the CM frame. Collision problems in 2-D.

4.     Angular momentum of a group of particles and conservation of angular momentum. Extension to a rigid body and concept of Moment of Inertia. Torque.

5.     Calculation of MoI for simple geometries. Perpendicular and parallel axes theorems.

6.     Equations of motion for rigid body about a fixed axis. Compound pendulum.

7.     Motion in 2-D under central forces (r2 and 1/r2). Equations of motion in plane polar coordinates. Conservation of energy and angular momentum.

8.     Classification of motion into open and closed orbits. Application to Newtonian gravitation and Kepler's laws of planetary motion.

9.     Use of impact parameter and conservation laws. Distance of closest approach and Rutherford scattering.

 

A total of 11 lecture slots have been scheduled for the HT lectures. The basic material will be covered in roughly 9 of these and the remaining time used either to elaborate ideas with demonstrations or worked examples, but spread throughout the term.

 

There are three sets of problems for college use on the HT material.